Black holes and covariance in effective quantum gravity

Zhang C, Lewandowski J, Ma Y, Yang J (2025)

Publication Type: Journal article

Publication year: 2025

Journal

Physical Review D American Physical Society

Book Volume: 111

Article Number: L081504

Journal Issue: 8

DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevD.111.L081504

Abstract

The longstanding issue of general covariance in effective models of quantum gravity is addressed, which arises when canonical quantum gravity leads to a semiclassical model described by an effective Hamiltonian constraint. In the context of spherically symmetric models, general covariance is precisely formulated into a set of equations, leading to the necessary and sufficient conditions for ensuring covariance. With the aid of these conditions, we derive the equations for the effective Hamiltonian constraint. The equations yield two candidates for effective Hamiltonian constraints dependent on a quantum parameter. The resulting quantum modified black hole spacetimes are analyzed. Our models show improvement by casting off the known limitations of previous works with similar results.

Involved external institutions

Beijing Normal University CN China (CN) University of Warsaw / Uniwersytet Warszawski PL Poland (PL) Guizhou-Universität / 贵州大学 CN China (CN)

How to cite

APA:

Zhang, C., Lewandowski, J., Ma, Y., & Yang, J. (2025). Black holes and covariance in effective quantum gravity. Physical Review D, 111(8). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.111.L081504

MLA:

Zhang, Cong, et al. "Black holes and covariance in effective quantum gravity." Physical Review D 111.8 (2025).

BibTeX: Download