Microstructural Properties and Pressure Distribution in Ultra-Short-Pulse Welds of Sapphire to Iron

Günther L, Friedrich A, Thomas JU, Müller T, de Ligny D (2026)

Publication Type: Journal article

Publication year: 2026

Journal

Nanomaterials MDPI

Book Volume: 16

Article Number: 737

Journal Issue: 12

DOI: 10.3390/nano16120737

Abstract

The ultra-short-pulse (USP) laser joining of sapphire to iron is investigated by combining electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) and ruby (Cr3+) R1 fluorescence mapping to resolve the joint microstructure and pressure distributions. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) reveals Al, O, and Fe intermixing within the seam, consistent with the formation of thin Fe–Al–O reaction layers. R1 fluorescence yields a maximum internal pressure of (Formula presented.) MPa within the modified sapphire region and decays to near-zero within a few micrometres distance from the seam. EBSD data suggest a single-crystal sapphire lattice with localized disorientation adjacent to the joint, whereas the iron foil remains polycrystalline with rolling-induced misorientation without additional weld-induced grain refinement. These results demonstrate that USP joining of sapphire to iron produces localized interfacial reaction zones, with confined pressure predominantly occurring within sapphire.

Authors with CRIS profile

Lukas Günther Professur für Werkstoffwissenschaften (Glas und Keramik) Dominique de Ligny Professur für Werkstoffwissenschaften (Glas und Keramik)

Involved external institutions

Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena DE Germany (DE) SCHOTT AG DE Germany (DE) Georg-August-Universität Göttingen DE Germany (DE)

How to cite

APA:

Günther, L., Friedrich, A., Thomas, J.U., Müller, T., & de Ligny, D. (2026). Microstructural Properties and Pressure Distribution in Ultra-Short-Pulse Welds of Sapphire to Iron. Nanomaterials, 16(12). https://doi.org/10.3390/nano16120737

MLA:

Günther, Lukas, et al. "Microstructural Properties and Pressure Distribution in Ultra-Short-Pulse Welds of Sapphire to Iron." Nanomaterials 16.12 (2026).

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